Eva Häffner & Frank H. Hellwig

Phylogeny of the tribe Cardueae (Compositae) with emphasis on the subtribe Carduinae:
an analysis based on ITS sequence data

Electronic supplement to:
Häffner, E. & Hellwig, F. H.: Phylogeny of the tribe Cardueae (Compositae) with emphasis
on the subtribe Carduinae: an analysis based on ITS sequence data – Willdenowia 29: 27–39. 1999.

Data matrix

coded gap character                    1

character                             10        20        30        40        50

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Olgaea pectinata              TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Synurus deltoides             TCGAAGCCT--GCATAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Alfredia cernua               TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Onopordum boissieri           TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Carlina vulgaris              TCGAAGCCT--GCAAAGCAGAACGACCCGCGAACGTGTAAAACACAACCG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAAAACGACCCGCGAACATGTAACG-ACAATCG

Echinops exaltatus            TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACATGTAATG-ACAATCC

Berardia subacaulis           TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACATGTAATC-ACAATCG

Serratula coronata            TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCTGCGAACACGTAATC-ACAACTG

Klasea radiata                TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACCG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACATGTAATC-ATAACCG

Jurinea macrocephala          TCGAAGCCT--GCATAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACAG

Jurinea mollis                TCGAAGCCT--GCATAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAACTG

Saussurea riederi             TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGCGAACACGTAATC-ACAACAG

Cousinia hystrix              TCGAATCCT--GCATAGCAGAACGACCTGTGAACATGTAATC-ACAACCG

Arctium lappa                 TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACATGTAATC-ACAACCG

Carduus crispus               TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACATGTAATM-ACAGCCG

Carduus nutans                TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACATGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Carduus defloratus            TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACATGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Cirsium tuberosum             TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACACGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Cirsium texanum               TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACTCGTGGACACGTAATA-ACAGCCG

Tyrimnus leucographus         TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACATGTAATC-ACAACAG

Cirsium ciliatum              TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGCGAACACGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Cirsium eriophorum            TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGCGAACACGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Notobasis syriaca             TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGCGAACGCGTAATC-ACA-CCC

Carduus leptacanthus          TTGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACACGTAATC-ACAATCG

Ptilostemon afer              TCGAAGCCTCTGCATAGCAGAACGACCTGTGGACATGTAATC-AATTGTA

Galactites duriaei            TCGAAGCCTCTGCATAGCAGAATGACCTGTGGACATGTAATC-AAATGTA

Cynara humilis                TCGAAGCCT--GCACAGCAGAACGACCCGTGGACAAGTAATC-ACAGCCG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         TCGAAGCCT--GCATCGCAGAACGACCCGTGAACACGTAATC-ACAGCCG

coded gap character           2       3              4                  5       

character                             60        70        80        90       100

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             RGCGTCGTGGGGATCGAGCGTGAGCTTGAGGCCTGCGATGCTCTGTCGGC

Olgaea pectinata              GGTGTCGTGGGCATCGAGCGTGAGCTCGAGGCCTGCGACGCTCTGTCGGC

Synurus deltoides             GGCGTCGTGGGGATCGAGCGTGAGCTTGAGCCCTGCGATGCTCCGTCGGC

Alfredia cernua               GGCGTTGTGGGCTTCGAGCGTGAGCTCGGGGCCTATGATGCTCCGTCGGC

Onopordum boissieri           GGCGTCGTGGGGATCGGGTGTGAGCTTGAGCCCTGCGACGCTCCGTCGGC

Carlina vulgaris              -GCGGCGTGCGCTTGTGG--------------------------------

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      AGCGACTTGGGGATCGGGCGTTAGCCCGAAACCCTTGAAGCTATGTCGGC

Echinops exaltatus            -GCATCAGGGTGACCGGGTGTGAGCCTGGGAGCTGTGATGCTTTGTTGGT

Berardia subacaulis           GGCGTCGGGGGGATCGGGCGTGA-CGTGAGACC-GCGATGCTCCGCCGGT

Stemmacantha rhapontica       GGTGTCGT-AGGATTGGGTGTGAGCCCTAGCCCTGCGATGCT-CGTCGGC

Serratula coronata            GGTGTCGT-GGGATCGGGTGTGAGCCTGAGCCTTGCGATGCT-CGCCGGC

Klasea radiata                CGTGTCGT-GGGATCGGGTGTGAGCCTGAGCCCTGCGATGCG-CGCCGCC

Stephanochilus omphalodes     GGTGTCGT-GGGATCGGGTGAGAGCCTTAGTCCTACGATGCT-TGCCGAC

Jurinea macrocephala          GGTGTCGCAGGGGTCGGGTGTGAGCCCGGTCCTCGTGATGCTTTGCTGGC

Jurinea mollis                GGTGTTGCGGGGGTCGGGTGTGAGCCTGGTCCTCGTGATGCTTTGCTGGC

Saussurea riederi             GGCGTCTAGGGGATCGGGTGCGAGCCCGAGCCTCGCGATGCTACGCTGGC

Cousinia hystrix              GGCGTCGGGGGGGTCGGGTGCAAGCCTGAGCCTCGTGATGCCCTGTCGGC

Arctium lappa                 GGCATCGGGGGGATTGGGTGCGAGCCTGAGCCTTGCGATGCTTCGTCGGC

Carduus crispus               GGCGTCNAAGGTGTCGGGCGTGAGCCCGGTGCYTGTGATGCCTCGTCGAC

Carduus nutans                GGCGTCAAAGGTGTCGGGCGTGAGCCCGGTGCCTGTGATGCCTTGTCGAC

Carduus defloratus            GGCGTCAAAGGTGTCGGGCGTGAGCCCGGTGCTTGTGATGCCTCGTCGAC

Cirsium tuberosum             GGCGTCGAGGGGGTCGGGCGTGAGCCCGGTGCCYGCGATGYCTCGTCGGC

Cirsium texanum               GGCGTCGAGGGGGTCGGGCGTTA---CG-TGCCCGCGATGCCTTGTCGAC

Tyrimnus leucographus         GGCGTCGAGGGGATCGGGCGTGAGCCTGGTCCTTGTGATGCCCTGCCGAC

Cirsium ciliatum              GGCGTCGGGGGGATCGGGTGTGAGCCCGGTGCCCGCGATGCCTCGTCGAC

Cirsium eriophorum            GGCGTCGGGGGGATCGGGTGTGAGCCCGGTGCCTGCGATGCCTCGTCGAC

Notobasis syriaca             GGCGTTGGGGGGATCAGGCTTGAGCCTGGTGCCCGTGATGCCTCATCGAC

Carduus leptacanthus          GGCGTCGGGGGGATCGGGTGTGAGCCCGGTGTCAGCGATGCCTTGTCGAC

Ptilostemon afer              GGTGTCAGGGGGATTGGGTGTGAGCCCGATGCCTGTGATGCCTTGCTGGT

Galactites duriaei            RGTGTAATGGGGATCAGGTGTGAACCTGATTCCTGTGATGCCTTGCTGGT

Cynara humilis                GGCGTCGAGGGGGTCGGGTGTGAGCCCGATGCTCACGATGCCCCGTCGAC

Lamyropsis cynaroides         GGCTTCGGAGGGATTGGGCGTGAGCCTGTTTCCTGCAAAGCCTCGTCGGC

coded gap character                             6          7          89 10     

character                            110       120       130       140       150

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             GTGCGTTTAGGGTGCCCC-TTTCG-AGGCATCATGGGCGTCAT-GTCGTC

Olgaea pectinata              GAGCGTTCAGGGTGCCTT-TTTTG-AGGCATCGTGGGCGTC-TTGTCGTC

Synurus deltoides             GTGCGTTCAGGGTGCCCC-TTTCG-AGGCATCATGGGCGTCGTCGTCGTC

Alfredia cernua               GTACGTTCAGG-TGCCCT-TATTG-AGGCATCATGGGCGTC-TCGTCGTC

Onopordum boissieri           ATGCGTTCAAGATGCCCC-TTCCGGAGGCATCATGGGCGT-ATCGTCGTC

Carlina vulgaris              --------------CCTC-CCTTT-GGGTGCCTCGGGTGTT-TCGTCGCC

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      GTACGTGTGCTGTTCCAT-CTTTG-GAAAGTAGCATACGT-GC-GTTGGC

Echinops exaltatus            GTGCGCACACCGGGTCAC-TTTGT-GGCC-TTGTGGATGTTAT-GCCGAC

Berardia subacaulis           GTGCGTGCACTGTGCCTC-TTTTG-AGCGATCGTGGACGTTGC-ATCGGC

Stemmacantha rhapontica       ATGCGTCCAAGGTGCCTA-TCTTT-AGGCATCGTGGATGTT-TTGTCGGC

Serratula coronata            ATGCGTGCAAGGTGCCTA-TCTTT-TGGCATCGTGGATGTTGT-GTCGGC

Klasea radiata                ATGCGTGCAAGGTGCCTA-TCTTT-AGGCATCGAGGACGTTGT-GTCGGC

Stephanochilus omphalodes     ATGCGTGCAAGGTGCCTA-TATGT-AGGTGCCGTGGACGTTGT-GTCGGC

Jurinea macrocephala          ATGCATGCATGGTGTTTC-TTGCG-AGGCACTGTGTGTGTTGT-GTTGGC

Jurinea mollis                ATGCATGCATGGTGTTTC-TTGCG-AGGCACCGTGGGTGTTGT-GTTGGC

Saussurea riederi             ATGCGTGCATGGTGTCCC-TTTTG-AGGCATCATGGACGTCGT-GTCGGC

Cousinia hystrix              GTACGTGCATGGTTCCCC-TTATA-AGGCATCGTGGACGTTGC-GTTGGC

Arctium lappa                 ATACGTGCATGGTGCCCC-TTACG-AGGCATTGTGGATGTTGT-GTCGGC

Carduus crispus               GTGTCTCTGCGTTGCCCCGTTTTG-GGGCGTCGTGGATGTYGC-GTYGGV

Carduus nutans                GTGTCTCTGCGTTGCCCCGTTTTG-GGGCGTCGTGGATGTTGC-GTCGGC

Carduus defloratus            GTGTCTCTGCGTTGCCCCGTTTTG-GGGCGTCGTGGATGTCGC-GTCGGC

Cirsium tuberosum             GTGCGTCTGCGATGCCCCGTTTCG-AGGCGTCGTGGATGTTGC-GTCGGC

Cirsium texanum               GTGCGTCCGCGATGCCCCGTTTCG-CGGT-CTGTGGATGTTGC-GTCGGC

Tyrimnus leucographus         GTGGGTCAGCAATGCCTTGTTTCA-AGGCGTCGTGGATTTTGC-GTCGGC

Cirsium ciliatum              GTGCGTCCGCAATGCCCCGTTTCG-AGGCATCGTGGATGTTGT-GTCGGC

Cirsium eriophorum            GTGCGTCCGCAATGCCCCGTTTCG-AGGCATCGTGGATGTTGT-GTCGGC

Notobasis syriaca             GTGCGTCTGCGATGCCTCGTTTCG-AGGAATCGTGGATGTTGT-GTCGGC

Carduus leptacanthus          GTACGTTCGTGATGCCCCGATTCG-AGGCGTCGTGGATGTTGC-GTTGGC

Ptilostemon afer              ATGCGTGCATGGTGCCCCGATTCG-AGGCATTGTGGATGTCAT-GTCGGC

Galactites duriaei            ATGCGTGCATGGTGCCTCGATTTG-AGGCATTGTGGATGTCAT-GTCGGC

Cynara humilis                GTGCGTGCATGGTGCCCCGTTTTG-AGGCATCGTGGACGTCGC-GTTGGC

Lamyropsis cynaroides         GTGCGTTCATGTTGC-TCGTAACG-AGGCATCATGGATGTTGC-GTCGGC

coded gap character                      11         12      13                  

character                            160       170       180       190       200

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             ACCGAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACCAAATTTAAG

Olgaea pectinata              ACCGAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACCAAATTTAAG

Synurus deltoides             ACCGAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACCAAACTTAAG

Alfredia cernua               ACCGAAACAAAACCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Onopordum boissieri           ACCGAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Carlina vulgaris              ACGTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACAACACGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      CCAAAAACCAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAATAAAAACTTAAG

Echinops exaltatus            ACAAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Berardia subacaulis           ACGAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACG-CATGTGCCAAGGAAAACCAAACTTAAG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       ACAAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Serratula coronata            ACAAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Klasea radiata                ACAAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTTAAG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     GCATAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAACCTTAAG

Jurinea macrocephala          ACGAAAACAAACCCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Jurinea mollis                ATGATAACAAACCCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Saussurea riederi             ATGAAAACAAACCCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACCAAACTTAAG

Cousinia hystrix              ACAAAAACAAAACCCCGGCACGGTATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACTCAAG

Arctium lappa                 ACGAAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACG-CATGTGC-AAGGAAAACCAAACTTAAG

Carduus crispus               ACTTWAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAGG

Carduus nutans                ACTTTAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAGG

Carduus defloratus            ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAGG

Cirsium tuberosum             ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACCTAGG

Cirsium texanum               ATCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAGG

Tyrimnus leucographus         ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Cirsium ciliatum              ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Cirsium eriophorum            ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Notobasis syriaca             ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Carduus leptacanthus          ATCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACAAAACATAAG

Ptilostemon afer              ACTTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCAAGTGCCAAGGAAAATCAAACAAAAG

Galactites duriaei            ACCTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACAGCAAGTGC-AAGGAAAATCAAACAAAAG

Cynara humilis                ACGTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACG-CATGTGC-AAGGAAAACAAAACATTAG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         ACGTAAACAAA-CCCCGGCACGGCATGTGCCAAGGAAAACGAAATATAAG

coded gap character                                                        14   

character                            210       220       230       240       250

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             AAGGGTRCGT-CTCGTGTAGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCACGTGTCGTG

Olgaea pectinata              AAGGGCACGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCATGTGTCGTG

Synurus deltoides             AAGGGCGCGT-CTCGTGTTGTCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCACGTGTCGTG

Alfredia cernua               AAGGGCGCGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCGCGTGTCGTG

Onopordum boissieri           AAGGGCGCGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTCCGCGGTGTGCGCACGGGCCGTG

Carlina vulgaris              AAGGGCGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGG-GAGCGCACGGG-CGTG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      ATGGGCGCGT-CCGGTGTCGCCCC-GTTCTCGGTGTGCGCACAGG-CGTG

Echinops exaltatus            AAGGGTGCA--CCCGTGTTGCTCC-GTTCGCGGTATGCGCATGGGTCGTG

Berardia subacaulis           AAGGGCGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGTATGCGCATGGGCCGTG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       AAGGGTGCGT-CTCGTGTTGTCCC-GTTTTCGGTGCGCACACAGGTCGTG

Serratula coronata            AAGGGTGCGT-CTTGTGTTGCCCT-GTTTTCGGTGTGCACACGGGTCGTG

Klasea radiata                AAGGGTGCGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTTCGGTGTGCACATGGGTCGTG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     AAGGGTGCGT-CACGTGTTGTCCC-GTTTTCGGTGTGCACACGGGTTGTG

Jurinea macrocephala          AAGGGTGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGTGTGCGCATGGGTCGTG

Jurinea mollis                AATGGCGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCGTGGGTCGTG

Saussurea riederi             AAGGGCGCGG-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGTGTGCACATGGGTCGTG

Cousinia hystrix              AAGGGCGCGT-CCTGTGTCGCCTCCGTTTGCGGTGTGCGCATGGGTCGTG

Arctium lappa                 AAGGGCGCGT-CCTGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGTGTGCGCACGGGTCGTG

Carduus crispus               AAGGACGCGT-CTCGTGMTGCCTC-GTTCGCGGGGTGKGCAYGGGTCGTG

Carduus nutans                AAGGACGCGT-CTCGTGCTGCCTC-GTTCGCGGGGTGGGCACGGGTCGTG

Carduus defloratus            AAGGTCGCGT-CTCGTGATGCCTC-GTTCGCGGGGTGTGCATGGGTCGTG

Cirsium tuberosum             AAGGGCGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGYGCACGGGTCGTG

Cirsium texanum               AAGGGCGCGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCATGGGCCGTG

Tyrimnus leucographus         AAGGGCTTGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCATGGGTCGTG

Cirsium ciliatum              TAGGACGCGT-CCCGTGTCGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCACGGGCCGTG

Cirsium eriophorum            TAGGACGCGT-CCCGTGTCGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCGCACGGGCCGTG

Notobasis syriaca             AAGGGCGCGT-CTCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGGGTGTGCACGGGCGATG

Carduus leptacanthus          AAGGGCGCGT-CTCGTGTAGCCTC-GTTCGCGGTGTGCACACGGGTCGTG

Ptilostemon afer              AAGGTCGTGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGCGGTGTTTGCATGGGCTATG

Galactites duriaei            AAGGTCGTGT-CCCGTGTTGCCCC-GTTCGTGGTGTTTGCATGGGCTGCG

Cynara humilis                AAGGGCGCGTGCTCGTGTCAC-TC-GTTCGCGGAGTGCAC-CGGCCCGTG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         AAGGGTGCGT-CCTTTGTTGCCCC-GTTTGCGGTGTGCGCATGGGTCGTG

coded gap character                                                 18          

coded gap character             15        16                       1719   2021  

character                            260       270       280       290       300

                              .........|...ITS1ITS2.. .....|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             GCCTCTCATTAA--CCA?????????????????????????????????

Olgaea pectinata              GCCTCTCATTAAAATAAATCGCGTC-GCCTCCGACCTCGCCTCTCCCATG

Synurus deltoides             GCCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCTCCGACCACGCCTCTCCCATA

Alfredia cernua               GCCTCTCATTAA--CCA?????????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri           GCCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCTCCGACCACGCCTCTCCCATG

Carlina vulgaris              GC-TCTCTAGAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCTCCCGACCACGCCTCCCCCACG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      GCCTCTTTTTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCTCCCGACCGC-TCTCC-CTTCG

Echinops exaltatus            GCCTCTTTGAAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCTGACCAT-CATCC--TATG

Berardia subacaulis           GCTTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCTCCGACCACGCCTCCCCATTG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       GCCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCACG-CTCCCC-ATG

Serratula coronata            GCCACTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCTAGACCAC-CCTCCCTCATG

Klasea radiata                GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCATG-CTCCCCTAAG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     GCCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCAT-TCTCCCCCATG

Jurinea macrocephala          TCTTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCGCCCCACCACGCCTCCCTTATG

Jurinea mollis                TCTTCTCATAAAA-CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCCGACCACGCCTCCCTCATG

Saussurea riederi             GTCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCCAACCACGCCTCCCTCATG

Cousinia hystrix              GCCACTCACCAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCCGACCA-GCCTCCCCTGTG

Arctium lappa                 GCCTCTCATCAAA-CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCCGACCA--CCTCCCA-GTG

Carduus crispus               GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTG-GCCCCAGACCACGCCTCC-ATATG

Carduus nutans                GCCTCTYAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCACGCCTCC-ATATG

Carduus defloratus            GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCACGCCTCC-ATACG

Cirsium tuberosum             GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCACGCCTCCCCAACG

Cirsium texanum               GC-TCTCGATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCTCCCGACCACGCCTGCCC-ATG

Tyrimnus leucographus         GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCTCGCCTCCCCAACG

Cirsium ciliatum              GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTCAGCCCCAGACCACGCCTCCCCAACG

Cirsium eriophorum            GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCATGCCTCCCCAACG

Notobasis syriaca             GTCCCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCTGGACCATGCCTCCCTAAAG

Carduus leptacanthus          GCCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-RCCTCAGACAACGTCTTCCCAATG

Ptilostemon afer              GCCTCTCATTAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACTATGTCTCCTCTATA

Galactites duriaei            GCCTCTCATTAAA-CATATCGCATC-GCCCCAGAT--TGTCTCCTCTATA

Cynara humilis                GC-TCTCAAAAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGACCACGACTCCTCGATG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         ACCTCTCAATAA--CCAATCGCGTC-GCCCCAGATCAWGCACCCCCGATG

coded gap character             23        28  30                                

coded gap character            22 2425 2627  293132   33  34                    

character                            310       320       330       340       350

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             ?????T-GCGTT-TG-GTC-GGGGG-CGGAGATTGGTCTCCCGTGTCCAT

Olgaea pectinata              GGG-AT-GCGTT-TG-G-CCGGGGG-CGGAGATTGGTCTCCTGTGTCCAT

Synurus deltoides             GGG-AT-GCGTT-TG-GTCCGGGG--CGGAGATTGGTCTCCTGTGTCCAT

Alfredia cernua               ??????????????????????????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri           GGG-AC-GCGTT-TG-GTCCGGGGG-CTGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Carlina vulgaris              GGG--TGGAGTGCCG--TC-GGGGG-CGGAGACTGGCCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      G---AC--TGTTTTG--TC-GTGTG-CGGATATTGGTCTCCCGTTCCGAT

Echinops exaltatus            G---AC-AAGTG--GTGTC-AGGGAGCGGATATTGGTCTCCCGTGCTCAT

Berardia subacaulis           GG--AT-GTGTTTTG--TC-GGGGA-CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Stemmacantha rhapontica       GG--AT-GTGTTTTA--TCTGGGA--CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCGAC

Serratula coronata            GGG-AT-GTGTTTCG--TCTAGGA--CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCTGAA

Klasea radiata                GG--AT-GTGTTTTG--TCTGGGA--CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCGAT

Stephanochilus omphalodes     G---AC-GTGTT-TG-GTTTGGGA--CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTTCCGAT

Jurinea macrocephala          GGG-AT-GGGT--TGTGTC-GGGGG-CGGAGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Jurinea mollis                GGA-AT-GGCT--TGTGTC-GGGA--CGGAGACTGGCCTCCCATGCCCAT

Saussurea riederi             GGG-AC-GTGTTTTG--TTTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCTCAT

Cousinia hystrix              GGG-AT-GCGTCTCG--TCCGGGG--CGGAGACTGGCCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Arctium lappa                 GGG-ATTGCGTGTCG--TTTGGGG--CG-AGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCCAT

Carduus crispus               GGGGAT-GTGTT-TG--TCTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTC

Carduus nutans                GGGGAT-GTGTT-TG---CTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTT

Carduus defloratus            GGGGAT-GTGTA-TG--TC-GGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTC

Cirsium tuberosum             GG--AT-GCGTT-CG--TCYGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGC-GTC

Cirsium texanum               GGG-AT-GCGTT-CG--TCTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTC

Tyrimnus leucographus         GG--AT-GC-TTTCG--TCTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTC

Cirsium ciliatum              GG--AT-GG-TT-CG--TT-GGAG--CGGAGAATGG-CTCCCGTGCCGTT

Cirsium eriophorum            GG--AT-GCG-CTCG--T--GGAG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTT

Notobasis syriaca             TGG-AT-GCGTT-CG--TCTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGGT

Carduus leptacanthus          GGG-AT-CCGTT-CA--TCTGGGG--CGGAGAATGGTCTCCCGTGCCGTT

Ptilostemon afer              GGG-AC-GTGTTTTG--TCTGGGG--CGGATACTGGTCTCCCGTGCTTCT

Galactites duriaei            GGG-AC-GTGTTTTG--TCTGGGG--CG-AAAATGGTCTCCCGTGCTTTT

Cynara humilis                GGG-ATTCGGTTTTG--TCTGGGG--CG-AGACTGGTCTCCCGTGCCTTT

Lamyropsis cynaroides         GG--AT-GCGTT-AG-GTCTGGGT--CGG-GATTGGTCTCCCGTGTCGTT

coded gap character              35 36                   37                     

character                            360       370       380       390       400

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAACGGAGTCCCC-TCCGATGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Olgaea pectinata              GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAACAGAGTCCCC-TCCGATGGACGCA-TGGCTAG

Synurus deltoides             GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAACGGAGTCCCC-TCCGATGGACGCA-TGGCTAG

Alfredia cernua               ??????????????????????????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri           GGC-CGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TCCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Carlina vulgaris              GGCGCGGCTGGCCCAAACAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGACTAG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      GGAGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAAGAGTTCCC-TCCGGCAAACGCA-TGGCTAG

Echinops exaltatus            GGTGTGGTTGATCTAAATAGGAGTCCTC-TTCGGTGGATGCA-CGACTAG

Berardia subacaulis           GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCCCTTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGGCGGGCGCA-CGGCTAG

Serratula coronata            GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGGCGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Klasea radiata                GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGGCGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGGCGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Jurinea macrocephala          GGTGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGACGGACGCA-CGACTAG

Jurinea mollis                GGTGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGTCGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Saussurea riederi             GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Cousinia hystrix              GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Arctium lappa                 GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Carduus crispus               GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Carduus nutans                GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGAGGCA-CGGCTAG

Carduus defloratus            GGCGCG-TTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGATGCA-CGGCTAG

Cirsium tuberosum             GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAATCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Cirsium texanum               GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Tyrimnus leucographus         GGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAAGGAGTCCC-GGCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Cirsium ciliatum              GGCGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGA-GGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Cirsium eriophorum            GGCGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCTAG

Notobasis syriaca             GGC----TTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTTGACGGGCGCA-CGGCTAG

Carduus leptacanthus          GGTGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCC-TTCGACGGACGCA-CGGCAAG

Ptilostemon afer              GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCCT-TTTGACGGACGCA-CGGTTAG

Galactites duriaei            GGTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGCAGTCCCT-TTTGTCGGATGCA-CGGCTAG

Cynara humilis                GRTGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTCCC--TTCGGCGGATGCA-CGGCTAG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         GGCGTGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGGAGTACC--TTCGACGGACGCAACGACTAG

coded gap character                           38                39  40 41    42 

character                            410       420       430       440       450

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGC-TTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTCGTGAGTCGTG-AG

Olgaea pectinata              TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGC-TTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTCGT-AGTCGCG-AG

Synurus deltoides             TGGTGGTTGTCAAGACCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTTGTGAGTCGTG-AG

Alfredia cernua               ??????????????????????????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri           TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTCGTGAGCTGCG-AG

Carlina vulgaris              TGGTGGTTGTAACGGCCCTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTCTTGAGCCGCA-AG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      TGGTGGTTGTAATGGCCTTCGTATCGAGTCGTGTGTTGTGAGCCGCA-AG

Echinops exaltatus            TGGTGGTTGTATAATC--TCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTTGTGAGCCGCA-AG

Berardia subacaulis           TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTCGTGAGCCGCA-AG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGT----TGA--TGCA-AG

Serratula coronata            TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGC----TGA--AGCA-AG

Klasea radiata                TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGT----TGA--TGCA-AG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     TGGTGGTTGTCAAAGCCTTCGTATCGAGTCGTGC----TGA--TGCT-AG

Jurinea macrocephala          TGGTGGTTGTCGAGACCTTTGTAACGAGCCGTGC----GGA--TGCAAAG

Jurinea mollis                TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTAACGAGCCATGT-----GA--TGCAAAG

Saussurea riederi             TGGTGGTTTTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCTGTGC----ATA--CGCG-AG

Cousinia hystrix              TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGC----GGA--CGCA-AG

Arctium lappa                 TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGC-----GA--CGCA-AG

Carduus crispus               TGGTGGTTGAAAA-GCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTCGTTAGCCGCATAG

Carduus nutans                TGGTGGTTGAAAAAGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Carduus defloratus            TGGTGGTTGATAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Cirsium tuberosum             TGGTGGTTGTTAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGTGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Cirsium texanum               TGGTGGTTGTTAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGCGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Tyrimnus leucographus         TGGTGGTTGATAAGTCCTTCGTCTCGAGCCATGTGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Cirsium ciliatum              TGGTGGTTGTTAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGTCGTGCGTCGTTACGCGCA-AG

Cirsium eriophorum            TGGTGGTTGTTAAGGCCDG-GTATCGAGTCGTGCGTCGTTAGCCGCA-AG

Notobasis syriaca             TGGTGGTTGTTAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTGGGTTGTTAGTCGCA-AG

Carduus leptacanthus          TGG---TTGTTAAGGCCTTCGTATTGAGCTGTGCGTCGTGAGCCGCA-AG

Ptilostemon afer              TGGTGGTTGTCAATGCCTTCGTATTGAGCCGTGTGTCTTGATCCATA-AG

Galactites duriaei            TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATTGAGCCGTGTGTCGTGATCTATA-AG

Cynara humilis                TGGTGGTTGTCAAGGCCTTCGTATCGAGCCGTG-GTCGGGTGCCGCG-AG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         TGGAGGTTTTCAAGGACTTCGTATCGAGTCGTACGCCGTGAGTCGTA-AG

coded gap character                                         44                  

coded gap character                                        4345            46   

character                            460       470       480       490       500

                              .........|.........|.........|.........|.........|

Ancathia igniaria             GTAAATGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCATTG-TGTC--CTTGCGACGATGTTTCG

Olgaea pectinata              GTAAACGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAATG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACGATGCTTCG

Synurus deltoides             GTAAACGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAATG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACGATGCTTCG

Alfredia cernua               ??????????????????????????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri           GGAAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAACG-CGTCGTCTTGCGACGATGCTTCG

Carlina vulgaris              GGAAGCGCTCGACAAAGACCCCAATG-CG-CGCCTCGCGACGACGCTTCG

Xeranthemum cylindraceum      GGAATTGCTCTTTAAAGACCTTTATG-CGTCGTCTGTTGACGACGTTTCG

Echinops exaltatus            GGAGTTTCTCTTCAAAGACCCCTTAG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACGATGCTTCG

Berardia subacaulis           GGAAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAACA-CGT-GTCTTGCGACGATGCTTCG

Stemmacantha rhapontica       GGATTTGCTCTCTAAAGACCCTAACG-TGTCGTCTTACGACGATGCTTCG

Serratula coronata            GGAATCGCTCTTTAAAGACCCTAACG-TGTTGTCTTACGACGATGCTTCG

Klasea radiata                GGAATCGCTCTCTAAAGACCCCAACG-TGT-GTCTTGCGACGATGCTTCG

Stephanochilus omphalodes     GGAATCGCTCTCTAAAGACCCTAATG-TGTCGTTTTACGACGATGCTTCG

Jurinea macrocephala          GGATACGCTCTATAAAGATCCCAACG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACAATGCTTCG

Jurinea mollis                GGAT-CGCTCTAAAAAGACCCCAACG-TGCTGTCTTATGACGACACTTCG

Saussurea riederi             GGATTCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAACG-CGTCGTCTTGCGACGACGCTTCG

Cousinia hystrix              G-AAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAA----GCCRTCTCGTGACGAC??????

Arctium lappa                 GGAAGCGCTCTCCAATGACCCCAACG-TGTCGTCTTGCAACGACGCTTCG

Carduus crispus               GGAAGCGCTCTCCATAGACCCTAACG-TGTC--CTCGCGACGA-GCAACG

Carduus nutans                GGAAGCGCTCTACATAGACCCTAACG-TG-C--CTCGCGACGATGCAACG

Carduus defloratus            GGAAGCANTCTCCGTAGACCCTAATG-TGTCGTCTCGTGACGATGCTTCG

Cirsium tuberosum             GGAAGCGCTCTCTAAAGACCCCAACG-C-TCGTCTYGCGACGAYG-TTCG

Cirsium texanum               GGAAGCGCTCTCTAAAGACCCCAACG-TGTCGTCTCGCGACGACGCTTCG

Tyrimnus leucographus         GGATGCGCTCTCCGAAGACCCCAACGGTGTTTTCTTGCGACGACTCTTCG

Cirsium ciliatum              GGAAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCTAACG-TGTGTTCTAGCGACGATGCTTCG

Cirsium eriophorum            GGAAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCTAACG-TG---TCTAGCGACGATG-TTCG

Notobasis syriaca             GGAAGTGCTCCCCAAAGATCCCAACG-TGTCGAATAGTGACGATGCTTCG

Carduus leptacanthus          GGAAGCG-TCTCCAAAGACCCCAACG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACGATGCTTCG

Ptilostemon afer              GGAAGCGCACTCCAAATACCTCAATG-TGTCGTCTCTTGACGACACTTCG

Galactites duriaei            GGAAGCGCACTCCAAATACCTCAATG-TGTTGTCTCTTGATGACGTTTCG

Cynara humilis                GGAAGCGCTCTCCATAGACCCCAACG-TGTCGTCCTGTGACGACACTTCG

Lamyropsis cynaroides         GGAAGCGCTCTCCAAAGACCCCAACG-TGTCGTCTTGTGACGACGCTTCG

                                       510       520       530       540        

character                      .........|.........|.........|.........|.........

gap character                     0000000001111111111222222222233333333334444444

                                  1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456

Ancathia igniaria              ACC0000010001100001?00?????0001000100000100010010

Olgaea pectinata               ACC0000010010100000000000000001001000000100010000

Synurus deltoides              ACC0000010000100001000000000001000010000000010000

Alfredia cernua                ???0000010010000001??????????????????????????????

Onopordum boissieri            ACC0000010100100001000000000001000000100000010000

Carlina vulgaris               ACC0100?10010100111000000001000010100000000011000

Xeranthemum cylindraceum       ACC0000010101100101010101100000010100000000010000

Echinops exaltatus             ACC0100011001100001010101100001100100000100010000

Berardia subacaulis            ACC0001010001110001000000100000010100000000010100

Stemmacantha rhapontica        ACC0010110010100001001010100000010010000010110000

Serratula coronata             ACC0010110001100001010000000000010010000010110000

Klasea radiata                 ACC0010110001100001000000100000010010000010110100

Stephanochilus omphalodes      ACC0010110001000001011001100001000010000010110000

Jurinea macrocephala           ACC0000010001000001000000000011100100000010100000

Jurinea mollis                 ACC0000010001000000000000000011100110000111100000

Saussurea riederi              ACC0000010001000001000000000000010010000010110000

Cousinia hystrix               ACC000001000100000110000000000001001000001011000?

Arctium lappa                  ACC0000010001111000110010001000010011000011110000

Carduus crispus                ACC0000000001100001000100010001010010000000000010

Carduus nutans                 ACC0000000001100001000100010001011010000000011010

Carduus defloratus             ACC0000000001100001000100010001010110010000010000

Cirsium tuberosum              ACC0000000001100001000000100001010010000000010001

Cirsium texanum                ACC0001001001100011000010000001010010000000010000

Tyrimnus leucographus          ACC0000000001100001000000100100010010000000010000

Cirsium ciliatum               ACC0000000001100001000000100101010110000000010000

Cirsium eriophorum             ACC0000000001100001000000100000010110000000010111

Notobasis syriaca              ACC0000000001100001000000000001010010110000010000

Carduus leptacanthus           ACC0000000001100001000000000001010010000000010000

Ptilostemon afer               ACC1000000001100001000000000000010010000000010000

Galactites duriaei             ACC1000000001101000000000000000010011000000010000

Cynara humilis                 ACC0000000001111011000000001000010011001000010000

Lamyropsis cynaroides          ACC0000000001100001000000100001000010001000010000